Analyze investment performance with multiple return metrics
Average return measures the typical performance of an investment over time. There are different methods to calculate it, each providing unique insights. The arithmetic mean is the simple average of all returns, while the geometric mean (CAGR) accounts for compounding effects and provides a more accurate measure of actual growth. Understanding both metrics helps investors evaluate investment performance realistically, considering volatility and the impact of negative returns on overall growth.
Arithmetic Mean:
AM = (R₁ + R₂ + ... + Rₙ) / n
Simple average of all returns
Geometric Mean (CAGR):
GM = [(1+R₁)(1+R₂)...(1+Rₙ)]^(1/n) - 1
Accounts for compounding effects
Standard Deviation:
σ = √[Σ(Rᵢ - AM)² / n]
Measures volatility and risk